STRATEGY 1: LONG CALL
Strategy:
Buy Call Option
When to Use: Investor is very bullish on the stock / index.
Risk: Limited to the Premium. (Maximum loss if market expires at or below the option strike price).
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven: Strike Price + Premium
STRATEGY 2 : SHORT CALL
Strategy :
Sell Call Option
When to Use: Investor is very aggressive and he is very bearish about the stock / index.
Risk: Unlimited
Reward: Limited to the amount of premium
Break-even Point: Strike Price + Premium
STRATEGY 3 : SYNTHETIC LONG CALL
Strategy :
Buy Stock + Buy Put Option
When to Use: When ownership is desired of stock yet investor is concerned about near-term downside risk. The outlook is conservatively bullish.
Risk: Losses limited to Stock price + Put Premium – Put Strike price
Reward: Profit potential is unlimited.
Break-even Point: Put Strike Price + Put Premium + Stock Price – Put Strike Price
ANALYSIS: This is a low risk strategy. This is a strategy which limits the loss in case of fall in market but the potential profit remains unlimited when the stock price rises. A good strategy when you buy a stock for medium or long term, with the aim of protecting any downside risk. The pay-off resembles a Call Option buy and is therefore called as Synthetic Long Call.
STRATEGY 4 : LONG PUT
Strategy :
Buy Put Option
When to Use: Investor is bearish about the stock /index.
Risk: Limited to the amount of Premium paid. (Maximum loss if stock / index expires at or above the option strike price).
Reward: Unlimited
Break-even Point: Stock Price – Premium
ANALYSIS: A bearish investor can profit from declining stock price by buying Puts. He limits his risk to the amount of premium paid but his profit potential remains unlimited. This is one of the widely used strategy when an investor is bearish.
STRATEGY 5 : SHORT PUT
Strategy :
Sell Put Option
When to Use: Investor is very Bullish on the stock / index. The main idea is to make a short term income.
Risk: Put Strike Price – Put Premium.
Reward: Limited to the amount of Premium received.
Breakeven: Put Strike Price – Premium
ANALYSIS: Selling Puts can lead to regular income in a rising or range bound markets. But it should be done carefully since the potential losses can be significant in case the price of the stock / index falls. This strategy can be considered as an income generating strategy.
STRATEGY 6 : COVERED CALL
Strategy :
Buy Stock + Sell Call Option
When to Use: This is often employed when an investor has a short-term neutral to moderately bullish view on the stock he holds. He takes a short position on the Call option to generate income from the option premium.
Since the stock is purchased simultaneously with writing (selling) the Call, the strategy is commonly referred to as “buy-write”.
Risk: If the Stock Price falls to zero, the investor loses the entire value of the Stock but retains the premium, since the Call will not be exercised against him. So maximum risk = Stock Price Paid – Call Premium Upside capped at the Strike price plus the Premium received. So if the Stock rises beyond the Strike price the investor (Call seller) gives up all the gains on the stock.
Reward: Limited to (Call Strike Price – Stock Price paid) + Premium received
Breakeven: Stock Price paid - Premium Received
STRATEGY 7 : LONG COMBO
Strategy :
Sell a Put + Buy a Call
When to Use: Investor is Bullish on the stock.
Risk: Unlimited (Lower Strike + net debit)
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven: Higher strike + net debit
STRATEGY 8: PROTECTIVE CALL /SYNTHETIC LONG PUT
Strategy:
Short Stock + Buy Call Option
When to Use: If the investor is of the view that the markets will go down (bearish) but wants to protect against any unexpected rise in the price of the stock.
Risk: Limited. Maximum Risk is Call Strike Price – Stock Price + Premium
Reward: Maximum is Stock Price – Call Premium
When to Use: If the investor is of the view that the markets are moderately bearish.
Risk: Unlimited if the price of the stock rises substantially
Reward: Maximum is (Sale Price of the Stock – Strike Price) + Put Premium
Breakeven: Sale Price of Stock + Put Premium
Buy Put + Buy Call
When to Use: The investor thinks that the underlying stock / index will experience significant volatility in the near term.
Risk: Limited to the initial premium paid.
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Call + Net Premium Paid
When to Use: The investor thinks that the underlying stock / index will experience very little volatility in the near term.
Risk: Unlimited
Reward: Limited to the premium received
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Call + Net Premium Received
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Put - Net Premium Received
Buy OTM Put + Buy OTM Call
When to Use: The investor thinks that the underlying stock / index will experience very high levels of volatility in the near term.
Risk: Limited to the initial premium paid
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Call + Net Premium Paid
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Put - Net Premium Paid
Sell OTM Put + Sell OTM Call
When to Use: This options trading strategy is taken when the options investor thinks that the underlying stock will experience little volatility in the near term.
Risk: Unlimited
Reward: Limited to the premium received
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Call + Net Premium Received
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Put - Net Premium Received
Buy Stock + Buy Put + Sell Call
When to Use: The collar is a good strategy to use if the investor is writing covered calls to earn premiums but wishes to protect himself from an unexpected sharp drop in the price of the underlying security.
Risk: Limited
Reward: Limited
Breakeven: Purchase Price of Underlying – Call Premium + Put Premium
Buy a Call with a lower strike (ITM) + Sell a Call with a higher strike (OTM)
When to Use: Investor is moderately bullish.
Risk: Limited to any initial premium paid in establishing the position. Maximum loss occurs where the underlying falls to the level of the lower strike or below.
Reward: Limited to the difference between the two strikes minus net premium cost. Maximum profit occurs where the underlying rises to the level of the higher strike or above
Strategy :
Sell a Put + Buy a Put
When to Use: When the investor is moderately bullish.
Risk: Limited. Maximum loss occurs where the underlying falls to the level of the lower strike or below
Reward: Limited to the net premium credit. Maximum profit occurs where underlying rises to the level of the higher strike or above.
Breakeven: Strike Price of Short Put - Net Premium Received
Sell a Call with a lower strike (ITM) + Buy a Call with a higher strike (OTM)
When to Use: When the investor is mildly bearish on market.
Risk: Limited to the difference between the two strikes minus the net premium.
Reward: Limited to the net premium received for the position i.e., premium received for the short call minus the premium paid for the long call.
Break Even Point: Lower Strike + Net credit
BUY A PUT with a higher strike (ITM) + SELL A PUT with a lower strike (OTM)
When to Use: When you are moderately bearish on market direction
Risk: Limited to the net amount paid for the spread. i.e. the premium paid for long position less premium received for short position.
Reward: Limited to the difference between the two strike prices minus the net premium paid for the position.
Break Even Point: Strike Price of Long Put – Net Premium Paid
STRATEGY :
SELL 2 ATM CALL, BUY 1 ITM CALL OPTION AND BUY 1 OTM CALL OPTION
When to Use: When the investor is neutral on market direction and bearish on volatility.
Risk Net debit paid.
Reward Difference between adjacent strikes minus net debit
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Higher Strike Long Call – Net Premium Paid
Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Lower Strike Long Call + Net Premium Paid
STRATEGY : BUY 2 ATM CALL OPTIONS, SELL 1 ITM CALL OPTION AND SELL 1 OTM CALL OPTION.
When to Use: You are neutral on market direction and bullish on volatility. Neutral means that you expect the market to move in either direction - i.e. bullish and bearish.
Risk Limited to the net difference between the adjacent strikes (Rs. 100 in this example) less the premium received for the position.
Reward Limited to the net premium received for the option spread.
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Highest Strike Short Call - Net Premium Received
Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Lowest Strike Short Call + Net Premium Received
BUY 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER STRIKE), SELL 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER MIDDLE), SELL 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER MIDDLE), BUY 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER STRIKE)
When to Use: When an investor believes that the underlying market will trade in a range with low volatility until the options expire.
Risk Limited to the minimum of the difference between the lower strike call spread less the higher call spread less the total premium paid for the condor.
Reward Limited. The maximum profit of a long condor will be realized when the stock is trading between the two middle strike prices.
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Highest Strike – Net Debit
Lower Breakeven Point = Lowest Strike + Net Debit
STRATEGY 22 : SHORT CALL CONDOR
STRATEGY :
SHORT 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER STRIKE), LONG 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER MIDDLE), LONG 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER MIDDLE), SHORT 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER STRIKE)
When to Use: When an investor believes that the underlying market will break out of a trading range but is not sure in which direction.
Risk Limited. The maximum loss of a short condor occurs at the center of the option spread.
Reward Limited. The maximum profit of a short condor occurs when the underlying stock / index is trading past the upper or lower strike prices.
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Highest Strike – Net Credit
Lower Break Even Point = Lowest Strike + Net Credit
Breakeven: Stock Price – Call Premium
Strategy:
Buy Call Option
When to Use: Investor is very bullish on the stock / index.
Risk: Limited to the Premium. (Maximum loss if market expires at or below the option strike price).
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven: Strike Price + Premium
STRATEGY 2 : SHORT CALL
Strategy :
Sell Call Option
When to Use: Investor is very aggressive and he is very bearish about the stock / index.
Risk: Unlimited
Reward: Limited to the amount of premium
Break-even Point: Strike Price + Premium
STRATEGY 3 : SYNTHETIC LONG CALL
Strategy :
Buy Stock + Buy Put Option
When to Use: When ownership is desired of stock yet investor is concerned about near-term downside risk. The outlook is conservatively bullish.
Risk: Losses limited to Stock price + Put Premium – Put Strike price
Reward: Profit potential is unlimited.
Break-even Point: Put Strike Price + Put Premium + Stock Price – Put Strike Price
ANALYSIS: This is a low risk strategy. This is a strategy which limits the loss in case of fall in market but the potential profit remains unlimited when the stock price rises. A good strategy when you buy a stock for medium or long term, with the aim of protecting any downside risk. The pay-off resembles a Call Option buy and is therefore called as Synthetic Long Call.
STRATEGY 4 : LONG PUT
Strategy :
Buy Put Option
When to Use: Investor is bearish about the stock /index.
Risk: Limited to the amount of Premium paid. (Maximum loss if stock / index expires at or above the option strike price).
Reward: Unlimited
Break-even Point: Stock Price – Premium
ANALYSIS: A bearish investor can profit from declining stock price by buying Puts. He limits his risk to the amount of premium paid but his profit potential remains unlimited. This is one of the widely used strategy when an investor is bearish.
STRATEGY 5 : SHORT PUT
Strategy :
Sell Put Option
When to Use: Investor is very Bullish on the stock / index. The main idea is to make a short term income.
Risk: Put Strike Price – Put Premium.
Reward: Limited to the amount of Premium received.
Breakeven: Put Strike Price – Premium
ANALYSIS: Selling Puts can lead to regular income in a rising or range bound markets. But it should be done carefully since the potential losses can be significant in case the price of the stock / index falls. This strategy can be considered as an income generating strategy.
STRATEGY 6 : COVERED CALL
Strategy :
Buy Stock + Sell Call Option
When to Use: This is often employed when an investor has a short-term neutral to moderately bullish view on the stock he holds. He takes a short position on the Call option to generate income from the option premium.
Since the stock is purchased simultaneously with writing (selling) the Call, the strategy is commonly referred to as “buy-write”.
Risk: If the Stock Price falls to zero, the investor loses the entire value of the Stock but retains the premium, since the Call will not be exercised against him. So maximum risk = Stock Price Paid – Call Premium Upside capped at the Strike price plus the Premium received. So if the Stock rises beyond the Strike price the investor (Call seller) gives up all the gains on the stock.
Reward: Limited to (Call Strike Price – Stock Price paid) + Premium received
Breakeven: Stock Price paid - Premium Received
STRATEGY 7 : LONG COMBO
Strategy :
Sell a Put + Buy a Call
When to Use: Investor is Bullish on the stock.
Risk: Unlimited (Lower Strike + net debit)
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven: Higher strike + net debit
STRATEGY 8: PROTECTIVE CALL /SYNTHETIC LONG PUT
Strategy:
Short Stock + Buy Call Option
When to Use: If the investor is of the view that the markets will go down (bearish) but wants to protect against any unexpected rise in the price of the stock.
Risk: Limited. Maximum Risk is Call Strike Price – Stock Price + Premium
Reward: Maximum is Stock Price – Call Premium
STRATEGY 9 : COVERED PUT
Strategy : Short Stock + Short Put OptionWhen to Use: If the investor is of the view that the markets are moderately bearish.
Risk: Unlimited if the price of the stock rises substantially
Reward: Maximum is (Sale Price of the Stock – Strike Price) + Put Premium
Breakeven: Sale Price of Stock + Put Premium
STRATEGY 10 : LONG STRADDLE
Strategy : Buy Put + Buy Call
When to Use: The investor thinks that the underlying stock / index will experience significant volatility in the near term.
Risk: Limited to the initial premium paid.
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Call + Net Premium Paid
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Put - Net Premium Paid
STRATEGY 11 : SHORT STRADDLE
Strategy : Sell Put + Sell CallWhen to Use: The investor thinks that the underlying stock / index will experience very little volatility in the near term.
Risk: Unlimited
Reward: Limited to the premium received
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Call + Net Premium Received
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Put - Net Premium Received
STRATEGY 12 : LONG STRANGLE
Strategy :Buy OTM Put + Buy OTM Call
When to Use: The investor thinks that the underlying stock / index will experience very high levels of volatility in the near term.
Risk: Limited to the initial premium paid
Reward: Unlimited
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Call + Net Premium Paid
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Long Put - Net Premium Paid
STRATEGY 13. SHORT STRANGLE
Strategy : Sell OTM Put + Sell OTM Call
When to Use: This options trading strategy is taken when the options investor thinks that the underlying stock will experience little volatility in the near term.
Risk: Unlimited
Reward: Limited to the premium received
Breakeven:
· Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Call + Net Premium Received
· Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Short Put - Net Premium Received
STRATEGY 14. COLLAR
Strategy :Buy Stock + Buy Put + Sell Call
When to Use: The collar is a good strategy to use if the investor is writing covered calls to earn premiums but wishes to protect himself from an unexpected sharp drop in the price of the underlying security.
Risk: Limited
Reward: Limited
Breakeven: Purchase Price of Underlying – Call Premium + Put Premium
STRATEGY 15. BULL CALL SPREAD STRATEGY
Strategy :Buy a Call with a lower strike (ITM) + Sell a Call with a higher strike (OTM)
When to Use: Investor is moderately bullish.
Risk: Limited to any initial premium paid in establishing the position. Maximum loss occurs where the underlying falls to the level of the lower strike or below.
Reward: Limited to the difference between the two strikes minus net premium cost. Maximum profit occurs where the underlying rises to the level of the higher strike or above
Break-Even-Point (BEP): Strike Price of Purchased call + Net Debit Paid
STRATEGY 16. BULL PUT SPREAD STRATEGY
Strategy :
Sell a Put + Buy a Put
When to Use: When the investor is moderately bullish.
Risk: Limited. Maximum loss occurs where the underlying falls to the level of the lower strike or below
Reward: Limited to the net premium credit. Maximum profit occurs where underlying rises to the level of the higher strike or above.
Breakeven: Strike Price of Short Put - Net Premium Received
STRATEGY 17 : BEAR CALL SPREAD
STRATEGY :Sell a Call with a lower strike (ITM) + Buy a Call with a higher strike (OTM)
When to Use: When the investor is mildly bearish on market.
Risk: Limited to the difference between the two strikes minus the net premium.
Reward: Limited to the net premium received for the position i.e., premium received for the short call minus the premium paid for the long call.
Break Even Point: Lower Strike + Net credit
STRATEGY 18 : BEAR PUT SPREAD STRATEGY
Strategy : BUY A PUT with a higher strike (ITM) + SELL A PUT with a lower strike (OTM)
When to Use: When you are moderately bearish on market direction
Risk: Limited to the net amount paid for the spread. i.e. the premium paid for long position less premium received for short position.
Reward: Limited to the difference between the two strike prices minus the net premium paid for the position.
Break Even Point: Strike Price of Long Put – Net Premium Paid
STRATEGY 19: LONG CALL BUTTERFLY
STRATEGY :
SELL 2 ATM CALL, BUY 1 ITM CALL OPTION AND BUY 1 OTM CALL OPTION
When to Use: When the investor is neutral on market direction and bearish on volatility.
Risk Net debit paid.
Reward Difference between adjacent strikes minus net debit
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Higher Strike Long Call – Net Premium Paid
Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Lower Strike Long Call + Net Premium Paid
STRATEGY 20 : SHORT CALL BUTTERFLY
STRATEGY : BUY 2 ATM CALL OPTIONS, SELL 1 ITM CALL OPTION AND SELL 1 OTM CALL OPTION.
When to Use: You are neutral on market direction and bullish on volatility. Neutral means that you expect the market to move in either direction - i.e. bullish and bearish.
Risk Limited to the net difference between the adjacent strikes (Rs. 100 in this example) less the premium received for the position.
Reward Limited to the net premium received for the option spread.
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Highest Strike Short Call - Net Premium Received
Lower Breakeven Point = Strike Price of Lowest Strike Short Call + Net Premium Received
STRATEGY 21: LONG CALL CONDOR
STRATEGY : BUY 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER STRIKE), SELL 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER MIDDLE), SELL 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER MIDDLE), BUY 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER STRIKE)
When to Use: When an investor believes that the underlying market will trade in a range with low volatility until the options expire.
Risk Limited to the minimum of the difference between the lower strike call spread less the higher call spread less the total premium paid for the condor.
Reward Limited. The maximum profit of a long condor will be realized when the stock is trading between the two middle strike prices.
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Highest Strike – Net Debit
Lower Breakeven Point = Lowest Strike + Net Debit
STRATEGY 22 : SHORT CALL CONDOR
STRATEGY :
SHORT 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER STRIKE), LONG 1 ITM CALL OPTION (LOWER MIDDLE), LONG 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER MIDDLE), SHORT 1 OTM CALL OPTION (HIGHER STRIKE)
When to Use: When an investor believes that the underlying market will break out of a trading range but is not sure in which direction.
Risk Limited. The maximum loss of a short condor occurs at the center of the option spread.
Reward Limited. The maximum profit of a short condor occurs when the underlying stock / index is trading past the upper or lower strike prices.
Break Even Point:
Upper Breakeven Point = Highest Strike – Net Credit
Lower Break Even Point = Lowest Strike + Net Credit
Breakeven: Stock Price – Call Premium